Water Demands
Water consumption in a community is characterized by several types of demand are given Below:-
- Domestic Water Demand
- Industrial Water Demand
- Institutional and Commercial Water Demand
- Demand for Public
- Fire Demand
- Water required to Compensate losses in Waste and Theft
- Domestic Water Demand:-
This includes the water required in private building for drinking, cooking, bathing,lawn sprinkling,gardening, sanitary purpose etc
The total Domestic water Consumption usually amounts to 50 to 60% of the total water consumption. As per IS 1172-1983, the domestic consumption in India accounts for 135 lpcd (liters/capita/day) to 200 lpcd. https://youtu.be/ek0YKFONG1Y
* Source of Figure- BY S. K. Garg Water Supply Engineering
* Source of Figure- BY S. K. Garg Water Supply Engineering
2.Industrial Water Demand
The ordinary per capita consumption on account of industrial needs of a city is generally taken as 50 liters/person/day. https://youtu.be/ek0YKFONG1Y
for fully developed industrial city this demand is computed as high as 450 liters/person/day.
* Source of Figure- BY S. K. Garg Water Supply Engineering
3. Institutional and Commercial Water Demand
On an average, per capita demand of 20 liters/person/day is required to meet institutional and commercial water demand. For highly commercialized cities, this value can be 50 liters/person/day.
* Source of Figure- BY S. K. Garg Water Supply Engineering
* Source of Figure- BY S. K. Garg Water Supply Engineering4.Demand for Public
This includes the quantity of water required for public utility purpose such as watering of public parks, gardening, washing and sprinkling on roads, use in public fountains etc. A figure of 10 l/h/d is usually added on this account while computing total water requirement. https://youtu.be/ek0YKFONG1Y
5. Fire Demands
Fire hydrants are usually fitted in water mains at about 100 to 150 meters apart and fire fighting pumps are immediately connected in to them by the fire bridge personal as soon as fire breaks out.
The rate of fire demand is sometimes treated as a function of population and is worked out from following empirical formulae:
* Source of Figure- BY S. K. Garg Water Supply Engineering
6. Water required to Compensate losses in Waste and Theft
This includes the water lost in leakage due to bad plumbing or damaged meters , stolen water due to unauthorized water connection and other losses and wastes. https://youtu.be/ek0YKFONG1Y
This consumption accounts 15% of total water consumption
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